Government Control, No Freedom in 1984 by George Orwell Essay

People hear about political issues all over the news and form their own opinions on them, but are they really deciding beliefs for themselves or are they just believing whatever the media tells them? Because of the modern day media biased, many people do not think independently, even when they think they are. They merely believe the lies the media feeds them and do not research the matter themselves to get an accurate idea of what is truly going on and how the control of information will impact the world around them. Because of people’s tendency to accept any piece of information that gets shoved down their throats, the US is slowly digging itself into the same government-controlled, no-freedom world as in the book 1984 by George Orwell.†¦show more content†¦With research, people can see that the states with the strictest gun laws also have the highest crime rates in the country (Harvard 5). However, most people do not bother to look into these facts and endorse with the media. Ignorance due to inability to spot biased is a monumental issue in the U.S. In 1984, people did not have an option on who or what to believe. They were all required to watch a Two Minute Hate so they would dislike what the Party wanted them to dislike. The people could only see what the Party wanted them to see as no other channels they existed. In fact, the telescreens could not be shut off at all. Constant exposure to the Party’s beliefs caused people to be biased towards the government’s views. In this country, people hear, watch, and absorb news every day, but they do not always see or hear the presented bias. For example, Fox News is conservative-leaning and MSNBC is more liberal (Garrett 23). People who only watch one news channel without acknowledging or spotting the bias tend to accept what they hear as fact without a second thought. Depending on where information is collected or heard, the person forms opinions based on bias rather than facts with out realizing the error in their wapithes and become easy to manipulation occurs. Manipulation through the media has lead to serious consequences in 1984 and the US today. The Party said that Oceania had neverShow MoreRelatedTotalitarianism in Orwells Mind Essay1053 Words   |  5 PagesThe Party desires to control every aspect of Winston Smith’s life; his work, ideologies, attitude, thoughts, appearance, everything. The Thought Police, Big Brother, and Ingsoc are embodiments of everything that author George Orwell hates in government. 1984, a book written by Orwell, depicts a society called Oceania, in which unwary citizens are obedient to the Party, a totalitarian regime. Totalitarianism is defined as a political system in which a centralized government does not tolerate anyRead MoreTotalitarianism In George Orwells 19841028 Words   |  5 PagesTotalitarianism Used in 1984 A dystopia is a society which is characterized by misery, oppression, and unhappiness. Likewise, a totalitarian government neither allow parties to have different opinions nor freedom with a centralized government, therefore totalitarianism and dystopian societies are similar. In 1984, written by George Orwell, Big Brother is a dictator who gives the Oceanian population no personal freedoms and strictly dominates all of the country for their own selfish ways. Unlike OceaniaRead MoreInfluences on George Orwell: Who is Watching Whom?1204 Words   |  5 PagesGeorge Orwell once said, â€Å"In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act.† Orwell understood that telling the truth was an anomaly. He lived in a world full of lies and hatred. 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In Orwell s Dystopian book 1984, Kurt Vonnegut, Jr s short story Harrison Bergeron, and Andrew Niccol s film In time, there are many examples of a Dystopia is that containRead MoreFreedom vs Security - George Orwell, 19842554 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Freedom vs. Security: 1984, a Mirror of Today’s Governments and their Methods of Mass Control Tanks to technology and, mostly, its applications in the field of communication, governments and business corporations from all around the world have now more power than ever to track and influence what we buy, what we listen to, what we read, what we watch and, ultimately, what we believe. Recent terrorist threats and armed conflicts that have taken place around the globe have prompted a general feelingRead More Orwell’s Totalitarian Government in 1984 Essay1562 Words   |  7 PagesGeorge Orwell’s key objective throughout his novel, 1984, was to convey to his readers the imminent threat of the severe danger that totalitarianism could mean for the world. Orwell takes great measures to display the horrifying effects that come along with complete and dominant control that actually comes along with totalitarian government. In Orwell’s novel, personal liberties and individual freedoms that are protected and granted to many Americans today, are taken away and ripped from the citizen’sRead MoreA Rhetorical Analysis on Nineteen Eighty-Four1044 Words   |  5 PagesHonors Abstract George Orwell employs the usage of different rhetoric throughout 1984.  Ã‚  The rhetoric differs from describing the human body and its struggle to survive to the different crimes and how the citizens felt about them.  Ã‚  Also, within  1984  lies a warning from Orwell: to eliminate the caustic consequences of a communist government.  Ã‚  While Orwell served as part of the Indian Imperial Police in  Burma  during the 1920s, he examined the faults of the communist government.  Ã‚  This phenomenon inspiredRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Nineteen Eighty Four1651 Words   |  7 PagesPreface I was learning about different types of governments in World Geography class and I was particularly interested with this topic. The novel Nineteen Eighty-Four perfectly fits my interest since it’s about governments and propagandas. As a result, I chose my research question to be: â€Å"How and why does the Party use propaganda? How does this compare to some of the modern propagandas used across the world during not only World War II but during current times as well?†. The novel Nineteen Eighty-FourRead MorePolitics And Politics In 1984, By George Orwell1469 Words   |  6 Pagesitself is a mass of lies, evasions, folly, hatred and schizophrenia† (Orwell, â€Å"Politics† 5). Living in the aftermath of World War II, and seeing how political inactivity gives rise to dictators like Adolf Hitler, it is no surprise that George Orwell commented on the common man’s relationship to politics. His political beliefs fed into his work, perhaps most notably the ominous 1984. The novel details a totalitarian government dominating every aspect of the people’s lives—even what is considered truthRead MoreThe Works of George Orwell1347 Words   |  5 PagesGeorge Orwell How did George Orwell, an author who died over 50 years ago, suddenly rocket to the top of the best sellers list? George Orwell was able to show peoples all over the world about dangers that not only pertained to people of his time period but to multitudes of future generations. He used his literary knowledge to write books that were incredible influential in both their literary skill and the message they portrayed. George Orwell greatly influenced British society through his literary

Break Even Analysis Free Essays

The above breakeven analysis of each variable displays the combination of the variables that result in a break-even position for the Beta project at ABC Corporation. For example, the 6% sales growth rate would result in a break-even for the project if the operating expenses grow at 8%. Other ratios are derived from sales and operating expenses so that their growth rates are also reflective of the â€Å"critical† rates – below these rates, the break-even would be violated. We will write a custom essay sample on Break Even Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The forecasts of the variables depict the estimates made by ABC Corporation for each of the variables in the context of market information and judgment. In this case, all of the values are above the critical value thus it has to be re-calculated whether the combination results in a break-even or not. For example, the operating expenses growth rate increased by 46. 7% while sales growth rate was up by only 14. 3%. The balancing factors have to re-evaluated in order to deduce whether the break-even is achieved or not. This can be done by adding up the values in the %change column – assigning a positive to sales/revenue increases and a negative to cost heads. b. Which variables are most critical to the success of the beta project? (2 points) There are two methods of judging the critical factors to the success of this project: one would be to compare the critical values of the different variables while the other would be find the variances of each of the percentage changes in the values of different variables. Following the first method, it would lead to the conclusion that the gross profit margin is the most critical factor having a 28% critical value. Following the second method, the operating expenses would be the most critical variable. The justification for each of the methods stands valid in their grounds. However, for this project, it would be more suitable to state that the operating expenses is the most critical factor followed closely by the base sales for 2008 and then the gross profit margin. c. Why would it be helpful to know which variables are most critical to the success of the project? (5 points) Projects often fail when managers and controllers spend time and money on processes covering variables that are of little importance. Understanding the critical factors of a project helps project managers to focus on the processes that are relatively more important and achieve targets that would satisfy the critical limits of the variables. Essentially speaking, critical variables should be known in order to make decisions as the project progresses and decide where and when to make changes that would affect the critical variables (and how will it affect the How to cite Break Even Analysis, Papers

Rh Bill Education Essay Sample free essay sample

Generative Health instruction in an age-appropriate mode shall be taught by adequately trained instructors from Grade 5 to 4th twelvemonth high school as portion of Mandatory Age-Appropriate Reproductive Health and Sexuality Education on Sec 16. As proposed in the measure. nucleus topics include responsible parentage. natural and modern household planning. prohibition and jeopardies of abortion. generative wellness and sexual rights. abstention before matrimony. and responsible gender. Upon blessing of Reproductive Health Bill. there is an impact to instruction and instructors on how they teach pupils sing sexual instruction and its Scopess technically. Furthermore. these jobs are set through consciousness of the pedagogues. Part of the graduated table on Reproductive Health Bill is to educate for the young person to be cognizant on being involved on these province. though parents are responsible for this. instructors are besides obliged to carry on generative wellness instruction as portion of the course of study presents. It is rights-based and provides equal backup to the population plan. We will write a custom essay sample on Rh Bill Education Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is a going from the present apparatus in which the proviso for generative wellness services is devolved to confined authorities units including pedagogues. and accordingly. subjected to the changing schemes of local authorities executives and suffers from a drouth of educating the young person. It is a societal establishment whose protection and development are impressed with public involvement. And since RH Bill was approved. the pedagogues need to learn pupils refering sexual instruction and its extent. This survey will turn out the degree of educator’s consciousness and cognition and what strategies they would make in refering this capable affair.

The Gilded Age Essays - Standard Oil, Gilded Age, Rockefeller Family

The Gilded Age Many people viewed businessmen of the nineteenth century as robber barons. They believed that these businessmen were so emerged into giant corporations and were so dedicated in striving for monopolistic power that their only pursuit was wealth and power in lieu of accomplishments. This entry counterbalances the idea of robber barons. John Chamberlain emphasizes the creative accomplishments of these business leaders. He explains the effects they had on the American public, while also realizing the ?shameful aspects? of their actions. In the following essay, I will summarize Chamberlain's views on Vanderbilt, Rockefeller and Carnegie, their achievements and their pursuit to deal with the American economy. The period after the Civil War resulted in a significant growth in the industrialization of the American economy. Many new faces started to emerge out into industrial enterprises. One of these new faces was Cornelius Vanderbilt. People believed that he was a man that used trickery to control properties that he wanted. When involved with something, Vanderbilt was a man who was determined to have physical and economical improvements for the company. He began his career from his love of steamboats, but as the steamboats era came to an end Vanderbilt became involved with railroads. With his profit made from steamboats and oversea affairs, he purchased shares of the Harlem Railroad. This would later help him gain stock control of Canada Southern, Lake Shore and the Michigan Central. These first steps lead him to much fame in the economical world. He relayed the Central's tracks from New York to Chicago with new steel rails and stronger steel bridges. He produced a more efficient type of l ocomotive and the traveling time was drastically shortened. Vanderbilt helped link the east and west worlds of America together. ?Vanderbilt may have watered the Central's stock. But as fast as he watered it he solidified it ? and the worst that can be said about his is that he was a shrewd capitalizer of future earnings.?(59) Chamberlain next examined John D. Rockefeller and his Standard Oil Company, the nation's first big trust. Standard Oil Co. offended the nation's traditional competitive ethics. People were used to small regional businesses and could not comprehend Rockefeller's determination for his company to become absolutely perfect. He became involved with a small refinery run by Samuel Andrews, this first partnership lead to new partners. His company increased its profits by making its own barrels in its own cooperage plants, shipping its products in large quantities and plowed most of its profit back into the business. As time went by, Rockefeller's company absorbed all but five out of a total of some 25 local refineries. Many could not resist Rockefeller's decision of seizing their refinery. ?We will take you burdens, we will utilize your ability, we will give you representations; we will all unite together and build a substantial structure on the basis of co-operation.? (63) As time passed, people began to reject Rockefeller's pursuits of buying their refineries. Western Pennsylvania oil refineries banned together and several joined the Acme Oil Co., which was a rival of the Standard Oil Co. The Southern Improvement Co. was a device said to be invoked by Rockefeller. One of its purposes was to exact rebates running up to 50% of the carrying charges on all of its oil transported by the Pennsylvania, Erie, and the New York Central. Most manufacturers considered it to be quite legitimate to get discounts for bulk shipments and for a guarantee of a steady flow of business. A controversy over this issue began and the news spread. Railroads quickly respond to the problem and said that all future oil shipments would be based on equality for everyone. Rockefeller used the Southern Improvement contract to draw in Cleveland refineries into his corporation. He was able to stabilize the oil market by exterminating competition. From a monopoly angel, people have said that Rockefeller brought the industrial age of America to an incredible height. Two points have resulted from this point of view: 1st he was probably the most able competitor of the 19th century and 2nd the Standard Oil Co. was able to keep competition from returning as the 20th century approached. In 1892, the Supreme

Japan - Golden Week essays

Japan - Golden Week essays Due to a coincidental chain of Japanese national holidays, the name Golden Week was given to one of Japans longest and busiest holidays. Golden Week starts with Midori no Hi (Greenery Day) on April 29th and ends with Kodomo no Hi (Childrens Day) on May 5th. Other holidays in between are Kenpou Kinen bi (Constitution Memorial Day) on May 3rd and occasionally Kokumin no Kyujitsu (Peoples Day) on May 4th, and May Day on May 5th. The word Golden Week was first used by movie companies as a media hook to get people to watch more movies. Excluding Oshoogatsu and summer vacation, Golden Week is the longest holiday of the year. Most companies and schools often allow additional days off in order for Golden Week to become a full week of holidays. Golden Week is an ideal time for the Japanese to travel because of the line of holidays and the pleasant weather. Thus, popular sites and transportation facilities are especially crowded during this time. Midori no Hi marks the beginning of Golden Week on April 29th and originated during the reign of Hirohito, also called Emperor Shoowa (Shouwa Tennou). Showa, meaning Time of Enlightened Peace was Emperor Hirohitos title and is commonly associated with the period of Hirohitos reign. This day was originally a national holiday honoring the birthday of Emperor Hirohito, but when the emperor died in 1989, the holiday was preserved and changed to Midori no Hi. It has been the custom in Japan since 1948 to observe the reigning emperors birthday as a national holiday and many holidays that originated from a sovereigns birthday have now evolved into holidays celebrated for a reason other than honoring the former ruler. Emperor Hirohito loved nature and in memory of his reign, which was the longest in the world, April 29th was designated as a day for all people to appreciate nature. On Midori no Hi, people all ov...

Illegal Aliens and Illegal Immigrants

Illegal Aliens and Illegal Immigrants Illegal Aliens and Illegal Immigrants Illegal Aliens and Illegal Immigrants By Maeve Maddox A reader asks for a discussion of the medias use of â€Å"illegal alien† to mean â€Å"illegal immigrant.† The Associated Press Stylebook recommends the phrase â€Å"illegal immigrant† in preference to â€Å"illegal alien.† The words alien and immigrant are not exactly interchangeable, but â€Å"immigrant† is perceived as having a more positive connotation than †alien.† An immigrant is a person who moves from one country to settle in another. An immigrant may or may not be a citizen. An alien is definitely not a citizen. The word alien entered English from Old French in the fourteenth century. As an adjective it meant â€Å"strange, foreign.† As a noun it meant â€Å"foreigner.† It’s from Latin alienus, â€Å"of or belonging to another.† As a modern legal term, the word alien refers to a person who is in a country, but not a resident of that country. There are two types of of alien: legal and illegal. A legal alien is a person who is in a country temporarily as a student or a tourist, or who has been granted permission to live in the country permanently without being a citizen. The latter kind of alien is called a resident alien. An illegal alien is present in a country without the country’s authorization. If the person intends harm, the term enemy alien may apply. The word immigrant is from the Latin verb imigrare â€Å"to remove, go into, move in.† It’s related to the word migration. An immigrant is a person who leaves one country to settle in another. Like aliens, immigrants are of two kinds: legal and illegal. The use of the word alien to refer to a foreigner in the United States is nothing new. One of the many U.S. laws enacted to control immigration between 1790 and the present is one called The Alien Contract Labor Law of 1885. The use of the word alien to mean â€Å"creature from another planet† had its origin in science-fiction writing and became current in the 1950s. A popular euphemism for illegal alien or illegal immigrant is â€Å"undocumented worker.† A negative term sometimes seen is illegal. The AP Stylebook rejects both terms. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Definitely use "the" or "a"15 Great Word GamesAdvance vs. Advanced

Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Communication - Essay Example It did not take long before I spotted one beautiful girl lying prostrate, with a bikini pant and some red scarf tied around her breasts. She was not curvy, and neither did she have long hair nor the height I wanted. She did not suit the description of the girl in my heart. But she was dazzling beautiful! It was a captivating scenario, and I could not resist but peep at her time and again, until I decided it was time I made a move, after all, she was a girl, and a girl I wanted. I approached her and said†¦Hey! But her response was not as good. She just raised her head, looked at me and laid flat again, not even responding. Could she be a different kind of girl, who does not entertain men because she is in love and faithful to her partner? That was the only question I kept asking myself, while still fixated on her model-like figure and without moving an inch even after she ignored me. Suddenly, a different thought hit me; maybe it is because I am Black. But No! I am Black, and Blacks are aggressive and cannot fail in a girls hunting mission, since I have always satisfied my desires for girls with girls. I am also tall, dark and handsome and even more, I am masculine. Which girl does not like that? I have been friends with many girls and I have not even noticed their color in the past. I have never had an issue with girls because I am black but only because I did not endeavor commitment at any one time. If anything, why should she be the first to notice I am black, yet I have previously attended an all-white girl’s party and still felt at home with them? In fact they liked me more that way. The fact that I was good at seducing girls is in no doubt. Just two months ago I was able to establish an intimate relationship with a beautiful, curvy and charming girl I met in the movies within just one hour. I was good at it, and I knew it, but here I was fixated and not doing anything to pester her to engage me in a

Apple i-Pad in 2010 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Apple i-Pad in 2010 - Case Study Example This design advantage also extended into Apple’s image. Apple, Inc. would increasingly cultivate an image that presented itself as the alternative choice to mainstream computer producers. This allowed Apple to become a cultural force resulting in significant market advantage. Another prominent competitive advantage is Apple’s iTunes store. This store implements technology limiting the amount of computers the songs can be played on, further solidifying Apple’s hold on the MP3 market. In terms of the iPhone, Apple’s App Store and inclusion of its unique operating system provide the organization a strong competitive advantage. Are the dynamics in the personal computer industry favorable or problematic for Apple? The dynamics of the personal computer industry present both favorable and problematic situations for Apple. One problematic consideration is that by the late 1990s, â€Å"home and SMB customers started to buy PCs through superstores (Wal-Mart, Costco ), electronics retailers, (Best Buy, Circuit City), and Web-based retailers† (Kim & Yoffie, 2010, p. 4-5). ... How sustainable is Apple’s competitive position in PCs? Apple’s competitive position in PC’s currently is strong, but could experience challenges in future contexts. The Apple Macbook has gained a reputation for quality and contains Apple’s unique operating system. The Macbook has carved out a competitive position through its compatibility with art, design, and music software, making it the industry-computing standard. In addition, the computer has garnered a loyal customer following that views the Apple computer more than simply a product, but also a lifestyle statement. In these regards, Apple’s competitive position in PC’s remains strong. Still, one notes that this industry is highly competitive and with the recent death of company founder and CEO Steve Jobs the future of the organization may experience a position of flux. In addition, increasing competition from generic manufacturers threatens Apple’s position. It’s noted th at, â€Å"White-box† PCs reportedly represented about 30% of the overall market in 2009, and were most frequently sold into the small office and home office markets† (Kim & Yoffie, 2010, p. 5). One considers that with rapid advances in technology, the future could witness these generic manufacturers encroaching on Apple’s claims to quality and art and design efficiency. In these regards, Apple’s ultimate PC sustainability rests on its ability to remain ahead of the curve in both quality and image. How sustainable is Apple’s competitive position in MP3 players? There are a number of considerations in terms of Apple’s competitive advantage in MP3 players. One of the difficulties in future contexts will be

Public Opinion Caused by News Media Essay Example for Free

Public Opinion Caused by News Media Essay Public opinion is a sensitive but important issue to consider. Taking into consideration relative literary works, this paper identified and presented that Bush’s war on terrorism policy is the best reason that resulted into the unfortunate negative public opinion towards U. S. Most importantly, this paper justified that it is the power of the media field that ultimately paved the way for anti-American public opinion about the said presidential strategy. War on Terrorism: The Anti-American Public Opinion Caused by News Media Public opinion, especially how people and societies view a particular leader and his policies, is undeniably an important factor of success or failure. Taking into consideration the sentiment of the public is supposed to be an ideal principle and practice for the government and leader of a country. This is because of the reality that public opinion significantly speaks of what and how the people and community think and feel thereby affecting a President’s management of a nation. Coupled however with the compelling nature and impact of mass communication, news media in particular; public opinion expectedly signifies and creates either an acceptance of or opposition to the decisions and policies of a leader. The media component has long been proven to be a vital ground that determined whether a country and its President are positively or negatively perceived by the public. In fact, with the enormous impact of news media, a leader as well as his strategies and judgments are scrutinized by the media and the subsequent news presentation results to either criticism or recognition. It is under such premises and circumstances that the government and his leader must highly regard what the news media can offer and eventually do. This is also under the principle that news media absolutely has the power to affect public opinion. With such influence, it will be empirically valuable for a President to formulate and perform his policies and course of action fundamentally in accordance to what and how news media views a specific event. It is therefore necessary and worthy for a President and his government to consider the established authority of news media to achieve a consenting public opinion otherwise any policy or decision, however good it is, may be opposed and paves the way to the downfall of the administration. Public Opinion, an Overview Prior to digging further into the issue of the significant influence of news media to what and how a leader and his policies are perceived, it is useful to initially learn and understand the nature and relative components of public opinion. In doing so, it is hoped that the true essence of public opinion is known and that the manner how it is shaped by news media is ultimately realized. Public opinion remains to be a relevant element which energizes the political field of one nation. This condition holds true for American politics judging from the persistent nature and indication of public opinion in the lives of American people and most importantly, with their leader and his policies. To be specific, public opinion manifests â€Å"What does the public think? † (Glynn, Herbst, O’Keefe, Shapiro Lindeman, 2004, p. 3). Public opinion is importantly considered because authorities are required to learn what kinds of ideas, policies and decisions that the public adheres to and uphold. Additionally, the thought and sentiment of the public are valuable factors which leaders regard in order to come up with acceptable, rational and effective undertakings. It is also through getting the public opinion that the government determines what endeavors will be agreed to or supported by the people. Hence, creating and implementing policies that are sure to conform to what people and the society think and feel are the very purposes of public opinion (Glynn, Herbst, O’Keefe, Shapiro Lindeman, 2004). Glynn and company further presented the three provisions that comprised public opinion. These included public opinion in the light of â€Å"politics, communication, and social process† (Glynn, Herbst, O’Keefe, Shapiro Lindeman, 2004, p. 4). The authors however signified that of the said three vital terms, it is public opinion in the context of communication that is most significant (Glynn, Herbst, O’Keefe, Shapiro Lindeman, 2004). They explained that while public opinion shapes the political and societal or cultural frameworks of a country, it is communication which established a difference. This is primarily based from the fact that public opinion is communicated and imparted both to people and societies based on the influence of the media profession. Aside from the generalized mass media and interpersonal communication, it is news media that is directly connected with public opinion. This is basically due to the field’s power to manipulate the minds and feelings of the public (Glynn, Herbst, O’Keefe, Shapiro Lindeman, 2004). â€Å"To See Ourselves as Others See Us† It is through Holsti’s (2008) â€Å"To See Ourselves as Others See Us† that the relationship between public opinion and both the local and international news media environments was analyzed and eventually recognized. A part of the Holsti book offered different several probable explanations and foundations of the nature and effect of public perspective. This is because such causes determined how an anti-American public opinion widely and deeply affected U. S. President George W. Bush and his policies after the country was struck by tragic terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 (Holsti, 2008). As an offshoot of dreadful 9/11 terror assaults, the public opinion towards President Bush as well as his decisions and policies was attributed to several reasons. These included, but not limited to, the war on terrorism specifically against the country of Iraq. This issue relatively resulted into the reported violations supposedly committed by the administration against people’s basic rights such as the alleged use of too much force by American military. In the book, Holsti eventually noted that the presented explanations aggravated the anti-American public opinion. This is supposedly because the international news media influenced the public opinion thereby made the Bush policies and decisions unpopular especially those related with 9/11 (Holsti, 2008). If analyzed on a personal perspective, it is the war on terrorism particularly which targeted Iraq as â€Å"axis of evil† that made the most sense. From the variety of reasons that explained the breadth and depth of the anti-American public opinion resulting from the September 11 attacks, the Holsti book realized that it is indeed the war against terrorism specifically on Iraq that rationally described the negative opinion of people about Bush and his policies (Hoslti, 2008). In discussing the why and how the war on terrorism paved the way for the anti-American public opinion, the book relied and became firm on a condition which signified the connection between news media and public opinion. This is also because of the premise that we can only recognize ourselves based on how others view us. Hence, the Holsti book made the public realize that Bush’s policies and decisions concerning the war on terrorism are the ones that affected the reason and manner how Bush and his policies are viewed, first by the news media and eventually by people and the society, (Holsti, 2008). Holsti further stated that while survey and poll supposedly establish the ground of public opinion, such practices do not always and reliably manifest the entire or collective view of the public. This is because a leader such as Bush is more directed by â€Å"the national interest† that, in turn, is influenced by the structure of both the local and international news media. Such condition, in fact, signified a chain reaction and the link between public opinion and news media. Hence, the anti-American public opinion is shaped by how the news media presented the Bush’s policies specifically concerning its administration’s war on terrorism (Holsti, 2008). News Media’s View on War on Terrorism Caused Negative Public Opinion The title of this section appropriately described and logically explained the significant connection between the media and public opinion. Centered on the issue of war on terrorism, such link specifically proved and paid particular attention to the power or influence of international news media. This is basically based from the reality that the manner how media presented to the public the said policy created a significant effect on Bush and his policies. This particular principle was what Entman (2004) clearly and effectively exemplified in the book â€Å"Projections of Power: Framing News, Public Opinion and U. S. Foreign Policy. † In carrying-out and eventually recognizing the reality and harmful impact of news media on public opinion, the author discussed how Bush’s decision and policies towards engaging in war against terrorism was unfortunately taken against his administration (Entman, 2004). In the first part of the book, Entman initially presented the surrounding circumstances of the post September 11 terrorist attacks in the U. S. Relatively, the news media initially presented that such factors necessitated the undertaking of the war on terrorism policy. In fact, the book showed how such presidential strategy was tremendously approved and even supported by the public. This is because during its initial stage and precisely because the world is still fresh from the glaring outcome of 9/11, the public appreciated and realized the need for Bush and the country as well as even the worldwide community to embark on such daring policy (Entman, 2004). Noticeably, news media initially presented that it was only proper for Bush and his war on terrorism policy to be executed. Entman cited CBS news anchor Dan Rather who, after Bush made the said policy, offered to put on his combat uniform and said â€Å"George Bush is the president, he makes the decisions, and, you know, as just one American, he wants me to line up, just tell me where† (Entman, 2004, p. 1). Entman added that such kind of statement and other relative remarks symbolized the â€Å"patriotic fervor† manifested by the media as an aftermath of the 9/11 attacks and based from the intense speech of Bush (Entman, 2004). However, it is not all the time that the Bush administration got an ally in the person of Rather. Entman noted that this is because of the link between the content and purpose of a news media report and what the White House really required the media to present. Relatively, such connection or should it rather be said as conflict worsened the relationship between a free and impartial press and the Bush government that is bent to retaliate against terrorists under the leadership of Saddam Hussein while at the same time maintain a supposedly consenting public opinion (Entman, 2004). As the author further explained, a supposedly ideal affiliation between Bush’s war on terrorism policy and news media reporting does not exist in reality. This is because of the fact that the two entities treat each other in a remote way and definitely not in accordance with what is expected. As Entman specifically said: â€Å"†¦in practice, the relationship between governing elites and news organizations is less distant and more cooperative than the ideal envisions, especially in foreign affairs† (Entman, 2004, p. 2). Thus it was worthy to note that an originally ideal and useful leadership strategy, such as the principle and practice of engaging into war against terrorism by the Bush administration, unfortunately marred the President’s relationship with the media and negatively affected the public opinion towards him. Such condition also resulted from the premise that the field of media was restricted with the contents and purposes of its reporting in order for the government to maintain a cordial yet in reality, a cruel foreign approach resulting from the damages of 9/11 (Entman, 2004). Most importantly, it was the objective but painful presentations made by the international news media environment that inevitably resulted into an anti-American public opinion, criticisms against Bush war on terrorism in particular. When analyzed however, it is likely that the media side is more justified in its efforts and objectives in presenting the nature and effects of the government’s war on terrorism specifically against Iraq and Hussein. This is precisely because of the innate quality of the media to provide the public with fair and accurate reporting (Entman, 2004). The author further justified that despite the tragedies created by 9/11, it did not alter the expectedly conventional nature and standard of the media profession. As such, Entman maintained that: The attacks of September 11, 2001, may have â€Å"changed everything,† as a cliche’ of the time had it, but at least on first impression, one thing it did not change was the news media’s traditional promotion of patriotic rallies around presidents when America appears under attack. Reflecting the surge of outrage and nationalist fervor, the news made little room for any but official, government-sanctioned interpretations. Even the mildest dissent was immediately condemned. It would be unrealistic to expect much else in light of the stunning, unprecedented, and heinous nature of the violence. (p. 2) Ultimately, the Entman book imparted that the projection of power made by Bush and his war on terrorism policy, in the light of the 9/11 terrorists’ attacks, framed the way how news media adhered to uphold its natural reporting principles. In doing so however, it required the field to expose the glaring cruel objectives and implications of the said policy. By bravely, explicitly and objectively presenting the American war on terrorism, first against Iraq and Hussein and eventually with other terrorist-laden countries; the minds and sentiments of the people were opened and, unfortunately for the part of Bush and the entire nation, it resulted into an anti-American public opinion (Entman, 2004). Media Reports on Bush Policy Led to Anti-American Public Opinion At the onset, the power and eventual influence of media concerning how people think and feel was already presented. In the book â€Å"Framing Terrorism: The News Media, The Government and the Public, such premise or argument was emphasized by Norris, Kern and Just (2003). Beyond the supposed rational and righteous nature and objectives of the war on terrorism policy by the Bush administration, it is the instinctive and ethical attitude of the international news media community that prevailed (Norris, Kern Just, 2003). In particular, the authors maintained the position that it is the rightful obligation of the news media profession to provide the public with just and correct reporting. Regardless of the own authority of the government, the media is expected to present to people what are actually happening even if such conditions put the government in bad light. Hence, in the course of the mandate of the news media to report the nation’s engagement into war in Iraq and other â€Å"terrorists† nations, the human rights violations reportedly committed by American soldiers were exposed. While after the 9/11 attacks, the public opinion was collectively geared in favor of the government and its planned policies, the aftermath of such undertakings created bad impressions among people and eventually resulted into an opposing American public opinion (Norris, Kern Just, 2003). This condition is where the role and involvement of the news media field were highlighted. The authors made a clear position that in shaping the nature, circumstances and effects of terrorism, the news media industry definitely has a significant function in the manner how the government policy is criticized or accepted by the people. Ultimately, due to the undeniable violations and hostilities brought about by the said Bush war on terrorism policy, the news media played an important part in shaping the general perspective that eventually led to an anti-American public opinion (Norris, Kern Just, 2003). Conclusion It is now clear that the war on terrorism policy by the American government explained the extent and intensity of the negative public opinion. Beyond this however, it is the undisputable influence of news media that was identified as the best reason for the said opposing public perspective towards U. S and its president. Such condition is a sad but true occurrence that ultimately affected people’s view on Bush and his leadership style. References Entman, R. M. (2004). Projections of Power: Framing News, Public Opinion and U. S. Foreign Policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Glynn, C. J. , Herbst, S. , O’Keefe, G. J. , Shapiro, R. Y. , Lindeman M. (2004). Public Opinion. Boulder, CO: West view. Holsti, O. R. (2008). To See Ourselves as Others See Us. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Norris, P. , Kern, M. Just, M. R (2003). Framing Terrorism: The News Media, The Government and the Public. New York: Routledge.

Epic of Beowulf Essay - Beowulf and Its Formulas -- Epic Beowulf essay

Beowulf   and Its Formulas    The making of Beowulf involved the choosing of formulas mostly, from a common body of narrative, rather than individual words, and largely on the basis of alliterative needs.    In his esay, â€Å"The Pessimism of Many Germanic Stories,† A. Kent Hieatt says:    The Germanic peoples seem to have inherited a common body of narrative, which is a key to understanding the often incomplete and puzzling allusions and interpolated stories forming a large part of Beowulf† (45).    In his essay â€Å"The Point of View and Design for Terror,† Alan Renoir states: â€Å"The theory that Old English poetry was formulaic and composed orally at the time of recitation is all but generally accepted today† (154). About 20% of the half-lines are repeated at least elsewhere in the poem. An essential part of 50% of the half-lines are likewise repeated. A large percentage of these essential parts, or formulas, have a resemblance to others in the poem, suggesting that the poet was guided by the sense of the poem, and perhaps by other factors like its sound or rhythm. â€Å"The diction of Beowulf is schematized to an extraordinary degree† (Creed 141).    The concept of â€Å"formula† needs defining perhaps. A formula can be a half-line, a whole line, a line-and-a-half sometimes, or as small as a single-syllable word as long as it is a significant part of the scop’s rhythm. If not a phrase or a clause, a formula should be an article and its noun, a noun/pronoun and its verb, a verb and its object, a preposition and its noun, etc. For example the verb-adverb pair hwearf pa is proven to be a formula because it is repeated at the beginning of lines 1188 (hwearf pa bi bence), 1210 (gehwearf pa in Francna faepm), and 1573 (hw... ...er to Egbert. New York: Oxford University Press, 1969.    Creed, Robert P.. â€Å"The Making of an Anglo-Saxon Poem.† In TheBeowulf Poet, edited by Donald K. Fry. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968.    Hieatt, A. Kent. â€Å"The Pessimism of Many Germanic Stories.† In Readings on Beowulf, edited by Stephen P. Thompson. San Diego: Greenhaven Press,1998.    Magoun, Frances P. â€Å"Oral-Formulaic Character of Anglo-Saxon Narrative Poetry.†Ã‚   In TheBeowulf Poet, edited by Donald K. Fry. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968.    Renoir, Alan. â€Å"The Point of View and Design for Terror.† In TheBeowulf Poet, edited by Donald K. Fry. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968.    Ward & Trent, et al. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1907–21; New York: Bartleby.com, 2000   

Violence in Playgrounds and How to Curb the Menace

VIOLENCE IN PLAYGROUNDS AND HOW TO CURB THE MENACE Violence is on the rise in playgrounds and there are always young children who stand defenseless in the face of their peers, who may happen to be bigger than them and as such take the advantage to pick on the little ones. A report by the Federal School Authorities in Cairo have showed there has been a 70% increase in bullying report cases in 2005 playground, compared to the 15% recorded in 2002. this vividly shows a tremendous increase in bullying on playgrounds. Parents today have a major role to play in counseling their children over the bullying issue. However some parents may decide to tell their children to retaliate, but on a closer look that may not seem to be a good solution. Firstly, if a child decides to fight back, it puts him in an even greater risk because he may be outnumbered by the bullies and that even makes him more defenseless. Secondly, in the event of trying to defend himself, the child may adopt violent methods which he may have seen on T. V like stabbing or kicking in the guts. Consequently, inflicting a major injury on his fellow peers. Thirdly, by parents telling their kids to stand up and defend themselves, they are passing a subliminal message to children which may seem to encourage violence among the children. My final reason is based on a childhood experience ; a child was persistently bullied by a group of children and when he decided to confront his parents about the issue they asked him to stand and defend himself. The next day he took a knife to the playground and used it on the bully. The following are proper methods and solution to be used in such events. †¢Do not blame the child if he finally works up the courage to report bullying. It isn’t right to criticize him for not handling the situation. For example don’t ask him â€Å"Well, what did u do to bring it on? †. Also remember that hitting back is not a choice at playgrounds and is not encouraged at all. It might get him into trouble especially if the playground is for the school. To sum up parents should be aware that bullying prevention programs are often a very effective way to solve the problem rather than fighting back.

According to the Herzberg Essay

Would you be interested in working as a Hong Kong police officer? Why or why not? I would be interested in working as Hong Kong police officer because the department is paying great attention to the employees morale and motivation. This can be seen by the way the department treat their employees by rewarding them with awards and recognition after the employee had accomplished a special achievement and performed their assigned duties at a sustained level of excellence. There are several methods to motivate the employees at works. One of the methods is by giving them financial rewards. However, in my opinion, financial rewards are not enough in motivating the employees. People crave for acceptance. Meeting employee needs for acceptance can be found in rewards and recognition programs and policies. 1In this case, the Hong Kong Police Force is focusing more giving awards and recognition to their employees who had show a great achievement in performing their duties. By giving recognition to the employee, it will increases the chance that the employee will continue to perform well. It is because, the employee will feel that their performance was valued and it will keep them motivated. It also can enhance morale and productivity. Besides that, it will also boost the employees confidence to try new things and it is good for the future development in their career. By using awards and recognition as a tool to motivates the employee, it will also leads to greater job satisfaction on the part of the employees and at the same time increase the employees loyalty towards the organization. As a conclusion, I would interested in working as a Hong Kong police officer because for me money is not everything. I feel more appreciate if my supervisor/manager recognize me for completing my task and that is one of the geatest motivator for me to continue doing my job. However, not every person has a same reason for working. The reasons for working are as individual as the person. Some people put money as a motivating factors for them to excell in their job. So, employer should know what motivates their employee so that the employee can perform well in doing their job towards the company. How many examples in this case can you apply motivation theories to? In this case, there are several ways the department give recognition to their employees. For example, the candidates who attains the highest exam score is awarded with the Commisioner of Police’s Certificates of Academic Merit. The best all-around probationary inspector who gets excellent results in all aspect will get the Brial Slevin Trophy, the Baton of Honor, and a silver plaque. Besides that, the department also give internal (e. g : compliments or letters of appreciation) and external (e. g: Bravery Awards) award schemes that emphasize positive reinforcement instead of punishments. According to the Herzberg, if we want to motivates people on their jobs, we must emphasize factors associated with the work itself or with outcomes directly derived from it, such as promotional opportunities, personal growth opportunities, recognition, responsibility and achievement. By looking at the case, the Hong Kong Police force use Two-Factors theory in rewarding their employee’s performance. One may argue that the recipients of the honors and awards are only fraction of all police officers. Suggest other effective ways to motivate the police officers. Monetary rewards also important in order to motivates employees to perform at their best and strive to achieve individual and organizational goals. One way to motivates employees by using monetary rewards is that by offering pay raises when the employees had perform well in carrying out their duties or had completing training programs. By doing this, the employees will become more motivates to improve their performance levels and skills. The Hong Kong police force also may introduce the pays based on performance of the individual. The peformace of the employees will be measured by using performance appraisal system. By implementing this kind of system, employees are given financial incentive for reaching the goals. The objective of this sytem is to create a direct link between the employee’s job performance and the amount of pay he earns. In shorts, if the employees performance increase,the more financial rewards he will get. By doing this, it can motivate employees to perform at higher levels. 2 Bonuses also can motivate employees to increase their performance in order to meet the business goals. For example, the Hong Kong police Force may instituted bonuses system to encourage perfect attendance. Employee bonuses aren’t necessarily in the form of cash or money. The employer may also reward employees by inviting them to lunch/dinner. Are there any positive motivational consequences of tying compensation pay closely to firm performance? It appears to be a truism that if you want to motivates high performance, you attach rewards to it. When part of the employee’s rewards is based on the performance of the company itself, the employees will become more motivated to improve the performance of the company. When we attach rewards based on the performance of the company, employees who feel motivated to work are likely to be persistent, creative and productive, turning out high quality work that they willingly undertake. A motivated employees is more productive than employees who are unmotivated. The only way to make the employees more productive is to make sure they are motivated to work harder. By tying compensation closely to firm performance the employees are able to see what benefits they will get if they work harder for the company.

Name about my name poem Essays

Name about my name poem Essays Name about my name poem Essay Name about my name poem Essay Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: Name about my name poem Ahmed I was named after my grandfather, It is the number 300, In addition, my name is of profit Mohamed’s name, It is a Muslim name and it embraces humor, As a way of defusing hatred and prompting understanding, My initials is AA, My nickname is Ace, The reason for my nickname is because, Whenever I play card, I do have at least one ace on my head, My name is Ahmed, My friends misinterprets it as Ahmed Ahmed, Just like the Arab-American comedy actor, Because I make funs, which make them laugh, My friends find it hard to hate me because am peaceful, My name is Ahmed, It means I believe in religious revolutionary, That only through Ahmed, people can seek Allah, He is the one, who brings trustworthiness that improves, Performance of Islamic religious beliefs, My name is Ahmed, The profit of Mohammed through which people seek Allah, Those who seek for help from Allah, Have no doubts on him, Because they will get peace through Mohamed, My name is Ahmed, It is like prophet Mohamed, Because through Allah, he creates peace, It is the memory of my grandfather, Who taught me to believe and have piece with others.

Case study on tata nano

Sunsilk was introduced in 1989 in Pakistan with three variants related to hair types. Endorsement of a hair stylist was the first step in building the image of the brand as a hair care expert. With the competition from local and multinational companies due to rationalization of excise duties, Sunsilk has not been able to gain the desired share in the market. To strengthen the brand, LBPL decided to re-launch Sunsilk with a premium range consisting of four variants in January 2000. In 2001, due to the constant research of their affiliated hair care institutes, the need of a shampoo for oily hair was observed and they launched a new variant of Sunsilk having citrus extracts. 1. 2 Background: LBPL, the largest consumer goods producing company in Pakistan, was incorporated here in 1948 and started building their factory at Rahim Yar Khan. This factory was inaugurated formally in 1951 by the then Governor General of Pakistan. LBPL moved into the personal care product business in 1981. It has gained a major market share due to the introduction of quality brands likeSunsilk, Lifebuoy, Lux and Fair Lovely. Lever Brothers was the recipient of Management Association of Pakistan (MAP) and Karachi Stock Exchange awards in recognition of its performance. For the purpose of MAP award, it was judged the best among the companies that have performed well in the areas of Financial Discipline, Management practices such as Risk Management, Corporate Governance, Social Responsibility and Research Development. Lever Brothers is committed to investment and modern production facilities thereby contributing to economic growth and employment opportunities. 1. 3 Statement of Problem: Their main target market is females between the ages group 16-40 belonging to the two upper income classes. But in their promotional activities, they cover the whole market irrespective of these classes. Competitors’ Review: The major competitor of Sunsilk in the rural areas is Bio Amla while in the urban areas, Sunsilk faces cutthroat competition with PG. The main advantage of Bio Amla is its Herbal composition and low price, which attract the rural market, but in terms of quality, they are far behind Sunsilk. In urban areas, Sunsilk is acting as a market challenger against PG. Sunsilk has got the advantage of keeping their prices lower than PG shampoos but PG has captured a bigger share of the market due to its intense promotional activities. 1. 4 Objectives of the study: 1. To carry out the review of literature on brand, brand awareness and consumer behavior. 2. To study the socio economic characteristics of women consumers in Bangalore. 3. To identify the factors influencing brand awareness of Sunsilk shampoo. 4. To identify and interpret the factors involved in quality and benefits offered in the shampoo product. 5. To know the impact of brand awareness in sales improvement of the shampoo product. 1. 5 Research Methodology: Literature survey has been carried out using research journals, books and websites. Socio economic stratum of women consumers have been identified using socio economic classification grid during personal interview at individual households. Factors influencing brand awareness of shampoo products have been analyzed with the data collected from questionnaire. Comparative study has been carried out based on advertisement awareness with the competitor. Pareto analyses have been used to identify the major quality problems in the shampoo product. 1. 6 Company Objectives: Neither our own nor our major competitors’ objectives are simple or obvious. There are many choices between short term and long-term profit, between growth and cash flow, between growth in assets and growth in earnings, between proportions of earnings paid to share holders as dividends or reinvested. It is reasonable to assume that these different objectives of different competitors predetermine some of their strategies and tactical behavior. Assess the concept of product acceptability, credibility and perceived benefits. Examine consumer’s assessment of the product, in terms of product performance and related benefits. Explore consumers’ reaction towards packaging. Understand consumers’ perception of quality advertisement in terms of its impact. 2. Chapter II 2. 1 Mission Statement: The New Sunsilk Shampoo aims at fulfilling the needs of its target market by offering a high quality, assessment of the concept in terms of its acceptability, credibility and perceived benefits, that it offers a healthy choice shampoo alternative to the targeted consumer. The theme of the product shall be anchored around the motto: â€Å"Softness, shine and manageability of Hair† Figure 1 2. 2 Packaging: The packaging design for the New Sunsilk range is extremely exciting and has been developed by Brown Inc. UK. The packaging makes the brand look expert and modern. This packaging makes the brand look more contemporary and hi-tech. It ensures more emphasis on the variants that have already been a part of the product but never been communicated to the customer that well. This new packaging has clearly identified that there is a separate product for each hair type. Currently, the range consists of: Yellow Sunsilk with Bio Proteins from Vegetable Extracts: Normal hair needs wholesome nourishment. New Sunsilk with Bio Protein extracted from Vegetable milk has nutrients that deeply penetrate each hair strand, to nourish it leaving hair strong and beautiful. Black Sunsilk with Melanin from Plant Extracts: Dull hair needs a rich black shine. New sunsilk with Melanin extracted from plants serves this purpose very effectively. It helps in the growth and retention of the black color of hair, giving it a rich black shine. . Green Sunsilk with Fruitamins Vitamins from fruit Extracts: Thin and limp hair needs extra body and volume. New sunsilk with Fruitamins has natural extracts from fruit that contains Vitamins. These vitamins help in giving extra body, shine and amazing manageability to the thinning and lifeless hair. Pink Sunsilk with essential Oils from Flower Extracts: Dry hair needs wholesome conditioning, extra shine and styleability. New Sunsilk with essential oils makes the dry hair full of life. Its especial ingredients moisturize each hair right to its tips leaving it shiny and beautiful. Orange Sunsilk with active nutrients from Citrus Extracts: The advanced formula of orange Sunsilk is the result of the latest research. This shampoo is especially designed for oily hair type that looks flat and greasy due to the excess of moisture. New sunsilk with active ingredients from citrus extracts cleans the excess oil off hair while its nutrients deeply penetrate each hair strand to nourish it. Customer Review of Product Usage Figure 2 2. 3 Pricing Objectives: Lever claims to practice value-based pricing in which the customers’ perception of the product’s price provides a starting point for developing the marketing mix of the product. The research department determines this price usually by using focus groups. The price of RS 3 for Sunsilk shampoo sachets shows how the price also reflects a concern to make the purchase more convenient, since the rupee is dominated in this value. The primary importance of this value-based pricing is that the product demand will be much higher if its price is in line with the customer’s perception of its value. One crucial concern for value-based pricing is strict management of cost in order to be able to make a profit at the value-based price. After the initial price is determined, Lever then uses target costing in order to achieve the required profits. With the marketing plan now being termed as ‘Annual Contract’ the importance of meeting the profit margin requirements has increased. Target costing thus provides an essential tool to manage cost effectively. The characteristic of monopolistic competition typifying the market sets the threshold for pricing. This market consists of many buyers and sellers trading over a range of prices. The key element is differentiation, which allows the seller to gain market share in contrast to competitors. Given this market condition, Lever differentiates its products and also sells them in different price ranges to cover at least a large portion of the market. Also this makes Lever more sensitive to price changes of competitors’ products. Last year PG revised their prices which has increased the prices of their shampoos considerably but Sunsilk has maintained its prices and their prices are much lower than PGs’, which is a major blow to PG because being a poor country people go for products which are within the range of Rs. 100. Figure 3 2. 4 Promotion objectives: Build top of the line consumers’ awareness. Creating a personality of the brand. Besides having these general objectives, the advertising objectives are set avoiding to the advertising strategy for each product, e. g. Sunsilk advertising objectives since it was being re-launched were: To increase the usage. Conditioning benefits. Makes the hair appear clean and shiny. Imparts a feeling of freshness-due to fragrance. Easy to manage, silky, soft hair. Unique shampoo for every hair type. Effectively communicate brand promise. 2. 5 Advertisement objectives: The advertisement of a product should follow the smile approach that is: S Simple M Memorable I Interesting with relevant information L Linked to the brand E Emotionally involved and liked. The advertisement should be in line with the past ad (if any). The ad should have a good advertising idea. Advertising should meet the brief Message clearly communicated Advertising should fit the brands personality An add is usually changed after 18 months TARP(Target Audience Rating Points) 2. 6 Advertising strategy: A product’s particular advertising strategy also depends on the level of competition involved with each product. For example shampoo ads previously used to provide emotional benefits but when PG entered the shampoo market with it’s shampoo Pantene, it revamped the whole situation, Pantene ads promoted the shampoo’s functional benefits, which greatly appealed the consumers. Levers seeing this trend changed its advertising strategy for Sunsilk so that Sunsilk advertisements also promoted the shampoo’s functional benefits. Thus Lever evaluates the product’s present position in the market, the promotion objectives it wants to achieve and the level of competition involved while setting the advertising strategy for a product. Elida Hair Institute does a lot of research and they come up with innovation in the product. Elida provides credibility that Sunsilk is not locally made but it is based on a lot of research by internationally accredited institutions. Lever believes that messages about product delivered by credible sources can be very persuasive. Hence Nabila who is an hair care expert endorses Sunsilk and more value is added to the brand. Consumers relate to products itself, they can relate to a human being who consumers believe is an expert so if Nabila is an expert so is Sunsilk. Nabila a recognised and highly qualified hair stylist is used by Sunsilk in its ads because they want to bring out an expert’s image. Sunsilk has come up with a new promotional campaign GOOD HAIR DAYS in six major cities in collaboration with famous hair stylists of the country. 2. 7 Advertising Evaluation: Lever also carriers out on extensive evaluation process. Target audience rating points are used to evaluate a product. Households are monitored in various cites to get consumers response and feedback. R-Lintas carriers out in own evaluation proceeds for its advertisement. Weekly figures are presented by research department. Regarding sales which have been carried out by extensive surveys. Products manager themselves have to visit the Consumers’ View of Sunsilk Advertisements Figure 4 2. 8 Distribution Objective: â€Å"To reach as many towns and villages as we can† Lever has 150 distributors whose function is to sell to wholesalers directly. There are different distributors for different areas. They are carefully selected and their performance is constantly evaluated. They appear extremely satisfied with their channel systems and have a good rapport with them. We feel that this is essential since these are not too many levels, thereby preventing channel complexity and allowing Lever greater control. Lever’s statements were verified by our consumer survey, which revealed that the retailers were very satisfied with Lever’s distribution system, which allowed well-stocked shelves. This is an added advantage, since the consumers undergo habitual buying behavior. Sunsilk has a very good distribution network all over the country. They have struggled hard to adopt such channels that guarantee the perfect results regarding the placement of their product. These distributors are given clear instructions regarding the selection of the retailer and to make sure that the retailer; Knows about the significant characteristics of the product. Places the product along with its major competitors like PG. Displays the sachets distinctly. They give off and on offers as trade promotion incentives to their distributors. The distributors contribute to the promotion of Sunsilk by word of mouth. 2. 8. 1 Strengths Lever Brothers Pakistan Limited is one of the largest organizations in Pakistan. Company has advanced technology and well skilled professionals. The New Sunsilk Shampoo is a high quality product in terms of hair protection. The target market is educated, professionals and belongs to premium and middle class. Company totally owned, systematic distribution network, transparent communication system. Participative management style Very good distribution network all over Pakistan, in all major and small cities. 2. 8. 2 Weaknesses: Competitor has strong promotional activities. Imported brands also available in the market. Customers are offered better alternatives by the competition. 2. 8. 3 Opportunities: Population expanding at a rapid rate. Consumers are becoming more quality conscious Current capacity utilization is 80%, which can be further broadened with the increase in demand. Customer base is increasing with effective marketing. Baby shampoo is another area where Lever Brothers can make huge gains. Shampoo plus conditioner and anti-dandruff shampoos are another area where lever brothers can earn huge profits. Rural areas are a large prospective market where they can introduce Sunsilk. 2. 8. 4 Threats: Political and Economic factors. Partial Government policies. High rate of competition. Local and Foreign competition. Smuggling via Afghan Trade Transit is one of the big hurdles faced by Sunsilk. Supplies from Indonesia and Thailand is another important issue. 3. Chapter III 3. 1 Summary: This marketing plan forms the basis of the introduction of an innovative and unique productby Sunsilk. The analysis allows us to the best strategies to help our product be successfulwith the internal and external environments which we have analyzed at our bestunderstanding. Sunsilk Hair Colour Shampoo will be marketed as a unique and convenientproduct for consumers who need and want to colour their hair. And we would like tomaintain the company’s status as the 2nd brand leader in hair care industry in Pakistan. Themarketing strategies will enable us to reach the target sale ofRs 50 million by end of first year and also bring awareness to the consumers in the sixmonths about the new product, and reach at least 80% consumers in Pakistan. The hair colourindustry is currently in the growth stage and the number of people who wish to colour theirhair is growing day by day. Customer have been introduced by hair colouring products andthere is a existing industry for colour in Pakistan, but Sunsilk Hair colour Shampoo is a newinnovative product which is convenient for consumers to use and also less harmful then otherproducts available. IntroductionThis plan has been prepared as an assignment for Marketing Strategies and Operations classat London Business School of Finance. The plan will provide background information aboutthe current environment in which Hair colour products are operating in Pakistan. It will alsodiscuss the present state of hair colour products in general, which will include information onthe company and its interest in extending product range in Pakistan, and give a broader ideaof how the brand will be introduced and marketed in the current environment. Company BackgroundSunsilk is a product of United Kingdom, which was launched in 1954. Sunsilk wasintroduced by Unilever (LBPL), who are the largest consumer goods producing company inPakistan, especially in personal care products. Unilever was found in 1930 by AntoniusJohannes Jurgens and William Hulme Lever. It was incorporated here in 1948 at Rahim YarKhan. Sunsilk was introduced in 1989 in Pakistan with three different types of shampoos fordifferent hair texture. Getting Support from hair stylist was the first step in constructing theimage of the brand as a hair care expert. In beginning of introduction of Sunsilk brand, it wasbeing raided by other competitors, in which, sunsilk was not able to gain the desired share inthe market 3. 2 CONCLUSION The survey helped in understanding the consumer perception on brand awareness and position of product in the market. It was observed that consumer’s expectations were, Quality, benefits offered and packaging of shampoo product. Based on the results obtained, integrated marketing communication was suggested, as a result an improvement of 8% to 12. 6% was observed in target population. Lagging quality Attributes have been identified for the improvement of sales by 45. 39%. Suggestions towards improving brand awareness through quality attributes have been made. 3. 3 Recommendations: Lever, Pakistan realizes the huge potential of the rural markets, i. e. 72% of the total population, but has not yet developed a successful strategy to penetrate this market. The success of Levers Hindustan should be emulated, which has successfully captured the rural market by two key strategies; firstly, by developing a strong distribution infrastructure and secondly, by adapting the packaging and pricing to this market. Lever should increase the buying of raw materials from local markets so that it does not have to suffer excessively from devaluation and continuous increase in tariff rates. This would also negate the adverse affect on sales volume due to smuggled foreign product. Lever should introduce a smaller (100 ml) pack of Sunsilk shampoo in order to capture the lower income segment. Lever should enter into WEB Marketing. The Legacy Soccer Foundation sponsored mainly by Levers, should be emulated by Levers Pakistan in the area of cricket since it is the most popular sport in Pakistan. Levers could also provide consumers with a hot line number where they can call in to complain or to ask specific questions about Lever’s products. These hot line numbers can also advise consumers about their hair type and other hair related queries. Such a strategy would highlight Levers concern for the public as well as helping it to gain market share. They should increase the frequency of their advertisements on electronic and print media. They should introduce 2 in 1 composition, i. e. shampoo plus conditioner which is the demand of a huge potential market.

Hazardous waste management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Hazardous waste management - Essay Example This method focuses on asbestos management, and its use has become international right from Poland. The solution is based on reactor construction, which allows hazardous wastes to be utilized and subsequently managed. Essentially, this can be done in varying temperatures and notably extreme temperatures. The natural environment remains protected from unmanaged hazardous wastes. Alongside hazardous waste utilization, the MTT method of hazardous waste management allows valuable materials to be recovered (ATON-HT, 2013). This technological realization has enhanced the effectiveness and efficiency of waste management processes. Its primary focus on asbestos management covers a wide area of hazardous wastes. In the light of this and even more technological innovations relative to waste management, the underlying gap in handling of hazardous wastes seems to be shrinking. With MTT in place, polluted asbestos waste can still be utilized. Toxic substances that render asbestos waste hazardous can be contained through the MTT technology. ATON-HT. (2013). Hazardous waste management technology - MTT method (Microwave Thermal Treatment). Retrieved on March 17, 2013, from: